Improvement in sewing-machines



- 6 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. GFB RADEEN. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 9,380. Patented NovfZ, 1852.

@ Jay-2 Fay/a Fa /z 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. G. BRADEEN. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 9,380. Patented Nov. 2, 1852.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. G. BRADEEN.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 9,380. Patented Nov. 2, 1352.

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. G. BRADEEN. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 9,380. 4 Patented Nov. 2, 1852.

6 She'ets-Sheet 5.

J. G. BRADEEN. SEWING MACHINE.

No.. 9,380. Patented N0'v.. Z, 1852.

Tr "cams PETERS on. PHOTO-LITHD WASHINGTON, o. c.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6. J. GQBRADEEN. SEWING MACHINE,

Patented Nov. 2, 1852;

UNITED" STATES.

PATENT OFFICE,

. (Ions c. BRADEEN, ornosron, M-Ass onusEr'rs, ASSIGNOR 'roJ. e.

BRADEEN AND G. PERKINS.

' IMPROVEMENT 1N. sew'meg'mA-cmm-zs.

Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No- .3 0,' dated November 2', 1852 To all whom it concern.- 1 Be it known that 1, JOHN G; BRADEEN of Boston, in the county of Suflolkand State of Massachusetts, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Sewing Cloth;

and I do hereby declare that the same are fully described and represented' in "the following specification and the accompanying drawings,

letters, -figures, and references thereof.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 denotes atop view oil'niyimprovedsewing-machine.* Fig. 2 is a frontendelevation of it. Fig; 3 is a ver- =ti'cal and longitudinal section of. it as taken through the upper needle, and showing on one side of the middle of the machine the-mechanism for drawing the thread through thecloth.

Fig isavertical ahd longitudinal section taken so as toshow the mechanism on the-opposite side of the center of the machine. Fig, 5 is an under side View of the machine. Fig.

,"12 .is .a transverse and vertical section of it,

taken through the endless chain" cloth-caring to wearthem so asto cause their barbs to break off. Besides, the continual working of the needles between the rollers of thefthreadguides'and mouth-pieces has'ate ndency-'to heat and burnish the needles and nioreor less Iinjure them. My improvements are calculated to obviate the said difficulties,

In my improved machine the thread is not drawn through the cloth by'the needle; but it is pushed through'it a short distance by the needle, while the remainder of the. thread is drawn through the cloth by a contrivance separate and distinct from the needle. 'The needle may be made and operated so as to draw the thread through the cloth for-a short distance, or part of the thread, the remainder of the thread being drawn through the cloth by the draft-hook or contrivance above stated. One essential improvement or part of myinvention, however, consists in :the peculiar mode of making-and operating'the needles and thread-guides so that each, needle shall push the thread through the cloth;

Another feature of my invention is to be found in the mode of constructing and operat- 'ing the thread-guide, by which I am enabled to dispense with rollers and-springs at the end of the same, as used in the said Robinsons machine, whereby I get rid of the injurious effects of suchion the needles. Another partof my improvement con'sistsin a rocker-guide or lifter of the thread,applied and made to operate as hereinafter described."

In-the said drawings, A and B denote two needles, each of whichis made straightandformed at its lower end withtwo-pointed" barbs, c a, as seen in Figs. 6 and 7, which exhibit on an enlarged scale side Views of a nee- .dlei These needles are respectively fastened to two horizontal arms, 0 'D, that roject at right angles from avertical 'slide,. that is retained by and plays or slidesfreely between vertical and parallel guides F G, that are'fastened to the horizontal bed or top plate; H, of

the machine. A reciprocating'vertical n10vemer t is to be given to the slide E and the neetiles, seas to cause each needle to alternately pass or be pushed through the cloth and he drawn back out of it, the cloth to be sewed being ,laid on the top plate, H, and an endless-I chain cloth-carrier, I. -lhemachinery which gives reciprocating vertical movements to the slides E consists of a connecting-rod. b, a crank,c, and a shaft, (1, the crank beingfastene'd on the inner end shaft and made to mtate with and by it. The connecting-rod is jointed both to the end of the crank andt1) the slide E.

3 Both above and below the bed on which the clothrests pressers or contrivances forclcsing the barbs or points of-each of the needles together before it enters the cloth; are to be employed and suitably constructed and arranged.

The upper presser in the drawings is repre.

sented as composed of two small 'rollers, c d,

while the lower one is asimple passage or slot,

e, made through thetop plate. To eachincedlethe'reisa thread-guide, K or L. Each of the thread-guides, arranged as e 9.3so

shown in the drawings, is composed of alever having a simple eye or slot through its front end, large'cnough forthe needle to pass through without touching the sides vof the slot. Each of these guides ismade to turn on a pin or fulcrum, as seen at e, and to have its rear end acted on at a proper time by canrsurface, f

or g, each of which is connected with two parallel surfaces, h i or 7c 2, as seen in Figs. 8 and 9, formed on and projected from the front side of the slide E, the said Fig. 8' representing a front view of such slide, while Fig. 9 is a side view of it. V

To each threadnude a spring, m or n, is applied, so as to draw its front arm toward the machinery bywhioh the thread is drawn through the guide, which 'inachineijy I shall now proceed to describe.

To each needle there is a'hoolz, 0 or p, which is made to project from the peripheryof one of two grooved rollers, M N, that are arranged as seen in the drawings, and respectively-fixed on the ends of two upright shafts, I? Q. The upper shaft, P, is sustained bya bracket, 7, and has a beveled gear, 1, fixed .on its upper end. This gear engages with another beveled gear, 8, fixed on a horizontal shaft, t, that is supported in bearings, as seen at u o, and has a spur-gear, w, fixed on it. .The said spurgear is made to engage with-another and larger gear, :0, that is put in revolution by a pinion, y, affixed on the main or fly wheel shaft d." The hook 0 thus gets a rotary motion around the axis of the shaft P when the main shaft is put in revolution. The shaft Q is put in rotation by means of a train 'of' gears, a b c d, arranged and connected withthe shaft Q and the gear 3 as seen in the drawings. By such means the hook p gets a rotation around the axis of the shaft Q.

Two small rocker-guides or thread-lifters, R S, are arranged with respect to the needles and pressers, as seen in the drawings. Each of these lifters or rockers consists of asinall bent I lever (a top view of one of which is given in Fig. 10' and a sidevicw of it in Fig. 11) that turns or rocks on a fulcrum at its angle or bend, and has one of its legs so disposed as to be struck by the adjacent thread-guide during itsnext movement after a-needle haspassed through it.. This movement. of the threadgui de against the lever tilts it so as to move the opposite leg against that part of the thread which lies immediately between the cloth and the thread-guide. .This movement of the leg against such part of the th read lifts the thread and holds it in a proper position for it to be received between the barbs of the needle that next passes overand takes or forces it through the cloth. A notch for the reception'of the thread is formed in the lifter, as seen at c in Fig. 10. To each thread-lifter a spring, j'flis applied, and made to operateso as to tilt the lever in an opposite direction when the threadguide next moves in an opposite direction. The cloth is held down upon the cloth carrier I by means of a plate or bearer, 9, that is forced downward by one or moresprin'gs, h. The upper thread-lifter is placed on the top of thi' plate. The endless-chain cloth;car rier I has its upper or outer surface studded with points or made rough, and works around a polygonal roller, 1', and another one, k the former being fixed on one end of a shaft, Z on whose opposite end there is fixed a ratchet-wheel, m?,. that is rotated by the conjoint operation of a spring-pawl, n', a lever, o, and a pin, 1)", the latter being projected from the side ofthe spur-e gear, w. Aspring, g, is employed to draw the lever 0 toward the shaft of the gear w.

In the operation of my machine we will suppose a thread laid between the barbs of the lowerneedle, and the mechanism put in action. The needle will be forced upward through the lower pressers, by'whiclr its barbs will be closed together. Continuing upward, i-t will pass through the cloth and the eye of the upper thread-guide,whieh latter will in the mean- .time have been somoved as to come directly over the path of the needle. 5 The thread will thus be carried through the clothin the form of a loop, and with the upper part of the loop abovethe top surface of the upper thread guide. .The draft-hook next comes around and passes over .the thread-guide and between one part of the loop and the needle, and thus catches the thread and draws on it until it is drawn through the cloth.- The needle next,

descends below the cloth, and while so doing, and'before the upper needle can pass into'its presser, the cloth is moved forward the width of a stitch, or a proper distance for the formation of one. In themeantime the upper threadgnide is moved laterally, and trips the threadlifter under it, so as to elevate that part of the thread that is directly between its eye or slot and the cloth high enough above the presser' to enable-the barbs of the upper needle to straddle or receive such part of the thread between them before the points of their barbs enter their presser. The upper needle next descends through, its presser and the cloth, and passes down through the eye or slot of the lower threadguide, carrying the thread again through the cloth and the lowerpart or niddleof the loop of it, below the lower surface of the lower thread-guide, The lower drafthook next comes around below the said threadguide, and passes between the loop and the, needle, and draws on the thread and pulls it entirely through the cloth and away from the upper draft-hook. The lower thread-guide next moves laterally, so as to tilt the lower thread-lifter, and'thereby move the thread far enough from the lower presser to enable the lower needle during its next ascent to embrace thethread before the barbs are contracted by the presser.

From' the above it will be seen that only a small portion of the thread is put through the cloth by the operation of the needle, the remainder of the thread being drawn through I the cloth by the operation of a rotating drafthook entirely separate from the needle.

ment

se 111entlythe wear of the thread on the needle is greatly lessened in comparison with what is the case when the entire thread is drawn through the cloth by the operation of the needle alone.

It is therefore that I claim as my improvebination with the two needles and two threadguides, made to operate together substantially as specified.

2. The improvement of so constructing and operating the needles and thread'guides that site to the side of it in which the needle first 1; The .two rotating draft-hooks, (or theirequivalents) separate from the needle, in comenters, meaning to claim the arrangement of each needle and its thread-guide, respectively, on opposite sides of the cloth, they being construoted and operated in the manner specified. In F. R. Robinsons machine they are arranged and made to operate on the same side of the cloth.

3. The combination of the rocking thread lifter or its equivalent with the needle and presser, the said thread-lifter being operated, as described, by the thread-guide lever or any other proper means.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my signature this 12th day of June, A. D. 1852.

JOHN G. BBADEEN.

Witnesses: v

R. H. EDDY, G. W. CUTLER. 

